Presidentens frihetsmedalj
(Omdirigerad från Frihetsmedaljen)
| Presidentens frihetsmedalj Presidential Medal of Freedom | |
 Frihetsmedaljen och dess insignier, inklusive släpspänne | |
| Släpspänne | |
|---|---|
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| Beskrivning | USA:s högsta civila utmärkelse |
| Nation |  USA |
| Utdelare | USA:s president |
| Typ | Medalj |
| Instiftad | 1963 |
| Antal utdelade | 647 |
| Status på utmärkelse: Aktivt ✔ | |
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Presidential Medal of Freedom (svenska: Presidentens frihetsmedalj) är USA:s främsta civila utmärkelse. USA:s president delar ut den efter eget gottfinnande till personer som gett ett särskilt anmärkningsvärt bidrag till den nationella säkerheten i USA, till världsfreden eller för kulturella eller andra offentliga eller privata ansträngningar. Medaljutdelningen brukar ske i Vita huset, antingen (beroende på väder och årstid) inomhus i östra rummet eller utomhus i rosenträdgården.
Medaljen inrättades av president John F. Kennedy 1963 genom att utfärda Executive Order 11085[1] och ersatte den tidigare "Frihetsmedaljen" som instiftades av Harry S. Truman 1945 för att hedra dem som tjänstgjort under andra världskriget.[2]
Till skillnad från många andra amerikanska utmärkelser kan även icke-amerikaner belönas med presidentens frihetsmedalj. Den kan utdelas till samma person mer än en gång och kan även ges postumt, som till exempel till John F. Kennedy efter mordet.
Enligt Executive Order 11085 utfärdas frihetsmedaljen i två grader, varav den högre benämns med tillägget with Distinction.[3] Enbart 26 personer har tilldelats den högre graden.[3]
Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Personer som tilldelats Frihetsmedaljen
[redigera | redigera wikitext]- † – utdelades postumt
Utdelade av John F. Kennedy
[redigera | redigera wikitext]John F. Kennedy delade ut 29 medaljer under 1963.
Utdelade av Lyndon B. Johnson
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Lyndon B. Johnson delade ut 47 medaljer mellan 1963 och 1969.
Utdelade av Richard Nixon
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Richard Nixon delade ut 38 medaljer mellan 1969 och 1974.
Utdelade av Gerald Ford
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Gerald Ford delade ut 30 medaljer mellan 1974 och 1977.
| Mottagare | År | Notering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Paul G. Hoffman | 1974 | ||
| Melvin Laird | 1974 | ||
| David K. E. Bruce | 1976 | Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction | [3] |
| Martha Graham | 1976 | Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction | [19][3] |
| Jesse Owens | 1976 | [20] | |
| Arthur Rubinstein | 1976 | Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction | [21][3] |
| Iorwith Wilbur Abel | 1977 | ||
| John Bardeen | 1977 | ||
| Irving Berlin | 1977 | [21] | |
| Norman Borlaug | 1977 | ||
| Omar Bradley | 1977 | [21] | |
| Arleigh Burke | 1977 | ||
| Alexander Calder † | 1977 | [19] | |
| Bruce Catton | 1977 | ||
| Joe DiMaggio | 1977 | [21] | |
| Ariel Durant | 1977 | ||
| Will Durant | 1977 | [19] | |
| Arthur Fiedler | 1977 | [21] | |
| Henry Friendly | 1977 | ||
| Lady Bird Johnson | 1977 | [22] | |
| Henry Kissinger | 1977 | ||
| Archibald MacLeish | 1977 | [19] | |
| James A. Michener | 1977 | [19] | |
| Georgia O'Keeffe | 1977 | [23] | |
| Nelson Rockefeller | 1977 | [19] | |
| Norman Rockwell | 1977 | [19] | |
| Donald Rumsfeld | 1977 | Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction | [3] |
| Catherine Filene Shouse | 1977 | ||
| Lowell Thomas | 1977 | [19] | |
| James Watson | 1977 |
Utdelade av Jimmy Carter
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Jimmy Carter delade ut 30 medaljer mellan 1977 och 1981.
| Mottagare | År | Notering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Martin Luther King Jr. † | 1977 | ||
| Jonas Salk | 1977 | ||
| Arthur Goldberg | 1978 | ||
| Margaret Mead † | 1979 | [24] | |
| Ansel Adams | 1980 | [25] | |
| Horace M. Albright | 1980 | [26] | |
| Rachel Carson † | 1980 | [25] | |
| Lucia Chase | 1980 | [25] | |
| Hubert Humphrey † | 1980 | [25] | |
| Iakovos | 1980 | [25] | |
| Lyndon B. Johnson † | 1980 | [25] | |
| Clarence Mitchell Jr. | 1980 | [25] | |
| Roger Tory Peterson | 1980 | [25] | |
| Hyman G. Rickover | 1980 | [25] | |
| Beverly Sills | 1980 | [25] | |
| Robert Penn Warren | 1980 | [25] | |
| John Wayne † | 1980 | [25] | |
| Eudora Welty | 1980 | [25] | |
| Tennessee Williams | 1980 | [25] | |
| Roger Nash Baldwin | 1981 | [27] | |
| Zbigniew Brzezinski | 1981 | [27] | |
| Walter Cronkite | 1981 | [27] | |
| Kirk Douglas | 1981 | [27] | |
| Margaret McNamara | 1981 | [27] | |
| Esther Peterson | 1981 | [27] | |
| Gerard C. Smith | 1981 | [27] | |
| Robert S. Strauss | 1981 | [27] | |
| Elbert Tuttle | 1981 | [27] | |
| Earl Warren † | 1981 | [27] | |
| Andrew Young | 1981 | [27] |
Utdelade av Ronald Reagan
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Ronald Reagan delade ut 100 medaljer mellan 1981 och 1989.
Utdelade av George H. W. Bush
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George H. W. Bush delade ut 42 medaljer mellan 1989 och 1993.
| Mottagare | År | Notering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lucille Ball † | 1989 | ||
| C. Douglas Dillon | 1989 | ||
| Jimmy Doolittle | 1989 | ||
| George F. Kennan | 1989 | ||
| Mike Mansfield | 1989 | ||
| Claude Pepper | 1989 | ||
| George Shultz | 1989 | ||
| Margaret Chase Smith | 1989 | ||
| Lech Wałęsa | 1989 | ||
| Walker Hancock | 1990 | [35] | |
| James Baker | 1991 | ||
| William F. Buckley Jr. | 1991 | ||
| Dick Cheney | 1991 | [36] | |
| Luis A. Ferré | 1991 | ||
| Betty Ford | 1991 | [37] | |
| Hanna Holborn Gray | 1991 | ||
| Friedrich Hayek | 1991 | ||
| Tip O'Neill | 1991 | ||
| Colin Powell | 1991 | ||
| Javier Pérez de Cuéllar | 1991 | ||
| Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. | 1991 | ||
| Brent Scowcroft | 1991 | ||
| Leon Sullivan | 1991 | ||
| Margaret Thatcher | 1991 | ||
| Russell E. Train | 1991 | ||
| Vernon A. Walters | 1991 | ||
| William Webster | 1991 | ||
| Ted Williams | 1991 | ||
| David Brinkley | 1992 | ||
| Johnny Carson | 1992 | ||
| Ella Fitzgerald | 1992 | ||
| Audrey Hepburn | 1992 | ||
| Richard Petty | 1992 | ||
| Harry W. Shlaudeman | 1992 | ||
| Isaac Stern | 1992 | ||
| John W. Vessey | 1992 | ||
| Sam Walton | 1992 | ||
| Elie Wiesel | 1992 | ||
| I. M. Pei | 1993 | [38] | |
| Ronald Reagan | 1993 | Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction | [39][3] |
| Strom Thurmond | 1993 |
Utdelade av Bill Clinton
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Bill Clinton delade ut 110 medaljer mellan 1993 och 2001.
Utdelade av George W. Bush
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George W. Bush delade ut 85 medaljer mellan 2001 och 2009.
Utdelade av Barack Obama
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Barack Obama delade ut 118 medaljer mellan 2009 och 2017.
Utdelade av Donald Trump
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Donald Trump delade ut 23 medaljer mellan 2017 och 2021.
| Mottagare | År | Notering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miriam Adelson | 2018 | [64] | |
| Orrin Hatch | 2018 | [64] | |
| Alan Page | 2018 | [64] | |
| Elvis Presley † | 2018 | [64] | |
| Babe Ruth † | 2018 | [64] | |
| Antonin Scalia † | 2018 | [64] | |
| Roger Staubach | 2018 | [64] | |
| Bob Cousy | 2019 | [65] | |
| Arthur Laffer | 2019 | [66] | |
| Edwin Meese | 2019 | [67] | |
| Roger Penske | 2019 | [68] | |
| Mariano Rivera | 2019 | [69] | |
| Jerry West | 2019 | [70] | |
| Tiger Woods | 2019 | [71] | |
| Dan Gable | 2020 | [72] | |
| Lou Holtz | 2020 | [73] | |
| Jack Keane | 2020 | [74] | |
| Rush Limbaugh | 2020 | [75] | |
| Jim Ryun | 2020 | [76] | |
| Babe Didrikson Zaharias † | 2021 | [77] | |
| Devin Nunes | 2021 | [78] | |
| Gary Player | 2021 | [77] | |
| Annika Sörenstam[a] | 2021 | [77] |
Utdelade av Joe Biden
[redigera | redigera wikitext]| Mottagare | År | Notering | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
Noteringar
[redigera | redigera wikitext]- ↑ Annika Sörenstam är hittills den enda svensken som tilldelats medaljen.
Se även
[redigera | redigera wikitext]Referenser
[redigera | redigera wikitext]Noter
[redigera | redigera wikitext]- 1 2 ”President Kennedy's Executive Order 11085: Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum. 22 februari 1963. https://www.jfklibrary.org/learn/about-jfk/life-of-john-f-kennedy/fast-facts-john-f-kennedy/presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 13 september 2017.
- ↑ ”Executive Order 9586—The Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/executive-order-9586-the-medal-freedom. Läst 13 september 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Dicker, Rachel (18 januari 2017). ”These Are the Known Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom With Distinction” (på engelska). www.usnews.com. U.S. News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/news/slideshows/these-are-the-known-recipients-of-the-presidential-medal-of-freedom-with-distinction. Läst 8 februari 2022.
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) (
PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Marian Anderson (1897–1993)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963” - 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-with-under-secretary-state-george-w-ball-the-presentation-the-medal-freedom-awards. Läst 2 december 2020.
- ↑ ”Distinguished Cellists in the White House” (på engelska). whitehousehistory.org. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/distinguished-cellists-in-the-white-house. Läst 20 mars 2020.
- ↑ ”Clarence B. Randall, 76, Dies” (på engelska). Chicago Tribune. 6 augusti 1967. https://chicagotribune.newspapers.com/image/376583184/?terms=Clarence%20B.%20Randall%2076%20Dies&match=1. Läst 13 januari 2017. [inloggning kan krävas]
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Annie Wauneka (1910–1997)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963”
- 1 2 3 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Lyndon B. Johnson, XXXVI President of the United States: 1963–1969, Remarks at the Presentation of the 1964 Presidential Medal of Freedom Awards, March 26, 1964” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-the-1964-presidential-medal-freedom-awards. Läst 22 maj 2011.
- ↑ ”30 Receive Freedom Medal at the White House” (på engelska). The New York Times. 30 augusti 1998. https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/08/30/specials/keller-medal.html. Läst 21 november 2017.
- ↑ ”Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1968, James Webb” (på engelska). Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. 14 mars 2016. https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/presidential-medal-freedom-1968-james-webb/nasm_A19840190000.
- ↑ ”Bob Hope and American Variety” (på engelska). Library of Congress. 10 maj 2000. https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/bobhope/pubserv.html. Läst 21 november 2017.
- 1 2 Judy Muhlberg (14 juni 1976). ”Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library & Museum. sid. 43. https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0067/7773889.pdf. Läst 11 maj 2020.
- 1 2 ”Richard Nixon: Remarks at a Dinner in Los Angeles Honoring the Apollo 11 Astronauts” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. 13 augusti 1969. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-dinner-los-angeles-honoring-the-apollo-11-astronauts. Läst 20 november 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Nixon, Richard (22 april 1970). ”Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Eight Journalists” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-eight-journalists. Läst 25 december 2011.
- 1 2 3 Associated Press (19 april 1970). ”3 Astronauts get Heroes' Welcome to Hawaii” (på engelska). Newspapers.com. The Philadelphia Enquirer. sid. 14. https://www.newspapers.com/clip/33112752/the_philadelphia_inquirer/.
- ↑ Nixon, Richard (18 april 1970). ”Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Apollo 13 Mission Operations Team in Houston” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-apollo-13-mission-operations-team.
- ↑ M, Nixon, Richard (1 januari 1975) (på engelska). Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Richard M. Nixon, 1974. Best Books on. ISBN 978-1-62376-923-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=ocHcAwAAQBAJ&q=%22Charles+LeRoy+Lowman%22+medal+of+freedom&pg=PA615
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (10 januari 1977). ”Gerald R. Ford, 38th President of the United States: 1974 ‐ 1977, Remarks Upon Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-upon-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 29 mars 2020.
- ↑ Koren, Marina (29 september 2016). ”White House Finally Honors the African-American Athletes of the 1936 Olympics” (på engelska). The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/news/archive/2016/09/white-house-olympics-berlin/502325/.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Nordlinger, Jay (17 december 2007). ”A Tasty Presidential Perk - Medals of Freedom” (på engelska). National Review. http://www.nationalreview.com/article/443562/medals-freedom. Läst 14 oktober 2019.
- ↑ ”Lady Bird Johnson Biography” (på engelska). LBJ Presidential Library. Arkiverad från p originalet den 7 juni 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110607103633/http://www.lbjlib.utexas.edu/johnson/archives.hom/biographys.hom/ladybird_bio.asp. Läst 5 januari 2011.
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 10, 1977”
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Dr. Margaret Mead (1901–1978)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 19, 1979”
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (9 juni 1980). ”Jimmy Carter, XXXIX President of the United States: 1977–1981, Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, June 9, 1980” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/presidential-medal-freedom-remarks-the-presentation-ceremony. Läst 2 december 2020.
- ↑ ”About Horace M. Albright” (på engelska). UC Berkeley Rausser College of Natural Resources. Arkiverad från originalet den 10 januari 2021. https://web.archive.org/web/20210110000344/https://nature.berkeley.edu/albright/lecture-archive. Läst 2 december 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (16 januari 1981). ”Jimmy Carter: Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, January 16, 1981.” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/presidential-medal-freedom-remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-0. Läst 2 december 2020.
- ↑ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard (23 februari 1983). ”Ronald Reagan: Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-upon-presenting-the-presidential-medal-freedom-martha-graham. Läst 21 november 2017.
- ↑ ”Frank Gehry and Maya Lin Awarded Obama's Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). ArchDaily. 17 november 2016. https://www.archdaily.com/799643/frank-gehry-and-maya-lin-awarded-obamas-presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 21 november 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medal-freedom-1. Läst 11 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”White House Freedom Medal Set for Whittaker Chambers” (på engelska). New York Times. 22 februari 1984. https://www.nytimes.com/1984/02/22/us/white-house-freedom-medal-set-for-whittaker-chambers.html. Läst 16 januari 2011.
- ↑ Sterling, Dorothy (9 mars 1984). ”Whittaker Chambers: Odd Choice for the Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/books/97/03/09/reviews/chambers-letter.html. Läst 16 januari 2011.
- ↑ ”Ronald Reagan - 40th President of the United States: 1981 ‐ 1989 Announcement of the Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/announcement-the-recipients-the-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 3 augusti 2021.
- ↑ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medal-freedom-1. Läst 11 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”Capt. Walker Kirtland Hancock ( 1901–1998 )” (på engelska). Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art. https://www.monumentsmenfoundation.org/the-heroes/the-monuments-men/hancock-capt.-walker-k.. Läst 24 juni 2018.
- ↑ Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. ”George Bush, XLI President of the United States: 1989–1993, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medals of Freedom and Presidential Citizen's Medals, July 3, 1991” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-presentation-ceremony-for-the-presidential-medals-freedom-and-presidential. Läst 11 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Betty Ford (1918 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received November 18, 1991”
- ↑ ”Curriculum Vitae of I. M. Pei” (på engelska). Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. http://www.pcfandp.com/a/f/fme/imp/c/c.html. Läst 20 juli 2009.
- ↑ ”Remarks on presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to President Ronald Reagan-President George Bush-Transcript” (på engelska). The White House: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents. 18 januari 1993. Arkiverad från originalet den 16 november 2010. https://web.archive.org/web/20101116112717/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2889/is_n2_v29/ai_13975210/. Läst 31 december 2007.
- ↑ Clinton, W. J. (30 september 1993). ”Remarks on the Retirement of General Colin Powell in Arlington, Virginia” (på engelska). The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/documents/remarks-the-retirement-general-colin-powell-arlington-virginia. Läst 18 september 2016.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Secretary of the Senate, United States Congress. ”Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Official Website of the United States Senate. United States Senate (Government of the United States). https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/Referens/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm. Läst 14 november 2011.
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Chief,Wilma Mankiller (1945–2010)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 15, 1998”
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Marian Wright Edelman (1939 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 9, 2000”
- ↑ McFeatters, Ann (10 juli 2002). ”Fred Rogers gets Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. Arkiverad från originalet den 19 oktober 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111019194125/http://www.post-gazette.com/ae/20020710fredrogersp1.asp. Läst 9 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”President Honors 2003 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/07/20030723-9.html.
- ↑ Vargas, Jose Antonio (10 november 2005). ”At the White House, Prizes for 14 Champs,Medal of Freedom Ceremony Shows Ali as Fast as Ever” (på engelska). The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/11/09/AR2005110901738.html. Läst 9 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”Net pioneers receive top honour” (på engelska). BBC. 10 november 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/4415326.stm. Läst 9 februari 2011.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ”President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Vita Huset. 15 december 2006. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/12/20061215-1.html. Läst 20 mars 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 ”President Bush Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov. Vita Huset. 19 juni 2008. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/06/20080619-9.html. Läst 14 mars 2020.
- ↑ Mayer, Catherine (13 januari 2009). ”A Presidential Medal for Tony Blair” (på engelska). Time. Arkiverad från originalet den 17 februari 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110217141910/https://time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1871300,00.html. Läst 9 februari 2011.
- ↑ ”President Bush Commemorates Foreign Policy Achievements and Presents Medal of Freedom to Ambassador Ryan Crocker” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 15 januari 2009. https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2009/01/20090115.html. Läst 16 januari 2009.
- ↑ ”The Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. Arkiverad från originalet den 31 augusti 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170831181728/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666. Läst 20 augusti 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ”President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Mottagares; 16 Agents of Change to Receive Top Civilian Honor” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 30 juli 2009. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/president-obama-names-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 12 augusti 2009.
- ↑ ”Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska) ( PDF). The National First Ladies Library. 16 november 2010. sid. 3. Arkiverad från originalet den 5 augusti 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190805203200/http://www.firstladies.org/documents/Medal_freedom.pdf. Läst 11 februari 2011. ”Justice Sandra Day O'Connor (1930 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 12, 2009”
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ”President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 17 november 2010. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2010/11/17/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 18 november 2010.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 ”Albright, World War II hero among 13 to receive Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). CNN. 29 maj 2012. http://www.cnn.com/2012/05/29/us/medal-of-freedom/index.html. Läst 29 maj 2012.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ”President Obama Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 8 augusti 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-Recipients. Läst 8 augusti 2013.
- ↑ ”President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 20 maj 2013. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/20/president-obama-announces-sally-ride-recipient-presidential-medal-freedo. Läst 2 juli 2013.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Schulman, Kori (10 november 2014). ”President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/11/10/president-obama-announces-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients. Läst 11 november 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 ”President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 16 november 2015. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 16 november 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ”President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 16 november 2016. https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom. Läst 16 november 2016.
- ↑ ”Biden surprised with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). The Miami Herald. 12 januari 2017. Arkiverad från originalet den 13 januari 2017. https://web.archive.org/web/20170113164802/https://www.miamiherald.com/latest-news/article126184169.html. Läst 12 januari 2017.
- ↑ ”Obama jokes about 'bromance' with Biden as he surprises then-VP with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. 12 januari 2017. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/obama-biden-presidential-medal-of-freedom-1.3933291.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 [President Donald J. Trump Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom ”Trump names Medal of Freedom Recipients 11/10/2018”] (på engelska). Vita Huset. 10 november 2018. President Donald J. Trump Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Läst 8 augusti 2021.
- ↑ Krantz, Laura (22 augusti 2019). ”Celtics legend Bob Cousy receives Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Boston Globe. https://www.bostonglobe.com/news/politics/2019/08/22/celtics-legend-bob-cousy-set-get-presidential-medal-freedom/KFqGGkhR598KG00Rgrz2PP/story.html. Läst 12 november 2019.
- ↑ ”Trump awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to economist Arthur Laffer” (på engelska). Washington Post. 19 juni 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/trump-to-award-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-economist-art-laffer-today/2019/06/19/f1505826-9299-11e9-aadb-74e6b2b46f6a_story.html.
- ↑ ”Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Medal of Freedom to Edwin Meese” (på engelska). Vita Huset. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-medal-freedom-edwin-meese/. Läst 21 mars 2020.
- ↑ Rambaran, Vandana (24 oktober 2019). ”Trump gives Presidential Medal of Freedom to racing icon Roger Penske” (på engelska). Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/auto/trump-gives-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-racing-icon-roger-penske. Läst 25 oktober 2019.
- ↑ Tillett, Emily (16 september 2019). ”Trump honors Yankees great Mariano Rivera with Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). CBS News. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/president-trump-honors-yankees-great-mariano-rivera-with-medal-of-freedom-live-stream/. Läst 16 september 2019.
- ↑ ”Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jerry West” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 5 september 2019. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-jerry-west/. Läst 20 mars 2020.
- ↑ Samuel Chamberlain (6 maj 2019). ”Trump presents 'true legend' Tiger Woods with Presidential Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). Fox News. https://www.foxnews.com/sports/trump-tiger-woods-presidential-medal-of-freedom. Läst 6 maj 2019.
- ↑ ”President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Dan Gable” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 4 december 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-award-medal-freedom-dan-gable/. Läst 4 december 2020.
- ↑ ”President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Lou Holtz” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 3 december 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-lou-holtz/. Läst 3 december 2020.
- ↑ ”Remarks by President Trump at the Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to General Jack Keane” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 10 mars 2020. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-general-jack-keane/. Läst 14 mars 2020.
- ↑ ”President Trump Awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Rush Limbaugh at SOTU” (på engelska). Business Insider. 5 februari 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-to-award-presidential-medal-of-freedom-to-rush-limbaugh-2020-2. Läst 11 april 2020.
- ↑ ”Former track star Ryun given Medal of Freedom” (på engelska). ESPN.com. 24 juli 2020. https://www.espn.com.au/olympics/trackandfield/story/_/id/29530740/former-track-phenom-jim-ryun-receives-presidential-medal-freedom.
- 1 2 3 ”Statement from the Press Secretary” (på engelska). Vita Huset. 7 januari 2021. https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-010721/. Läst 7 januari 2021.
- ↑ ”Trump Gives Medal Of Freedom To Loyalist GOP Congressman Nunes” (på engelska). National Public Radio. 4 januari 2021. https://www.npr.org/2021/01/04/953276901/trump-to-give-medal-of-freedom-to-loyalist-gop-congressman-nunes. Läst 4 januari 2021.
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